A Brief History of the Amish Culture

The Amish, sometimes known as Mennonites, are well known for living simple lives, dressing plainly, and their refusal to become dependent on most of the conveniences of modern life that we all take for granted. The history of the Amish can be traced back to it's founding in 1693 in Switzerland by a man named Jakob Ammann. In the early 1700's, a majority of Ammann's followers, who subsequently became known as "Amish", immigrated to the young state of Pennsylvania. Now traditionally known as Pennsylvania Dutch, this dialect of Swiss-German descent is still spoken by those most traditional in regards to their Amish background. This group of "Old Order" Amish, though known to reside in Pennsylvania, live predominantly in the state of Indiana. A 2010 study puts the total number of Amish in the US and Canada at approximately 249,000.

Membership of the Amish church, which derives from christian teachings, starts with baptism between ages 16 and 25. Baptism is required for marriage, and once someone enters the church they must marry within the faith. As with the christian faith, worship services take place every other Sunday at a district member's home, with the districts averaging around 20 to 40 families. The Ordnung, the German word meaning order and discipline, are the rules of the church and must be followed by all members. These rules pertain to their day to day lives, such as not allowing use of Grid Electricity, automobiles, phones, and limitations on clothing. The majority of these people will not accept aid from the government such as social security or disability. In addition, most will not buy insurance or enlist in any facet of military service. Those who do not abide, face possible excommunication. Being that the Amish maintain such tight-knit communities, being shunned is a real threat and in most cases is enough to convince the person to correct their ways and return to the church.

In most cases, the Amish church prefers to keep their distance from the non-Amish community. Their teachings are based mostly around the balance of faith and family. The use of one-room schoolhouses, which in today's society is seen as extinct, is still predominant within the faith. The core values of the church traditionally, are humility, tough manual labor, and simple rural living. As compared to the individualism of the majority of today's American culture, the Amish way of life differs in almost every facet. This difference is what drives the idea of an aversion to labor-saving modern technology, which has the capability of driving one away from their dependence on the community.

Unlike the variety that is the modern way of life, the Amish way of life centers around a relatively simple process. Becoming a member of the Church, getting married, having and raising children, and knowing the meaning of a day's labor, are what make up the greatest functions of Amish life.

Yearbooks And Memories

Most of the memories that you have of being young are likely tied in pretty tightly with school. For most people education is a constant that unites all of our early memories together. The days that surrounded your learning were likely the days that as you get older you wish you could return to. Yearbooks can help you relive the past, in a way, and refresh your brain of what it was like to be a kid.

A yearbook is a book that is the physical representation of a particular year that you had in a school or institute. Almost all elementary, middle, and high schools offer the students the chance to purchase a yearbook along with many colleges and trade schools. A yearbook is typically put together by the students and for the students.

Looking into an old yearbook can be like looking through a window into the past. On its pages you will find everything exactly the same as the last time you looked at it, and that can be extremely comforting to realize. Yearbooks can help us and the people around us glimpse back into the person we used to be, not just in the physical sense, but memories will be remembered that show us how we used to react to situations. One of the more fun aspects of yearbooks are the pictures that are immortalized in its pages. The pictures can remind us a lot of what the style was like when we were going to school.

Memories of being young are likely to fade over time and a yearbook is a great tool to help you remember all the things that were forgotten. Things that happened so long ago are likely to have slipped our minds over the years and without yearbooks those great memories could remain lost forever. Trying to remember who your girlfriend or boyfriend in 8th grade was or the name of your best friend from the 3rd grade was can be difficult if you have nothing to help spark your remembrance. A yearbook can hold all those people and times within its pages to always remind you of what things were like when you were younger. The part of the yearbook that is sure to have you yearning to go back in time are the sections in the front and back that were filled up with fellow classmates signatures and comments. These words that were left for us so long ago can help us remember who our friends and acquaintances were.

When you start to feel nostalgic and begin to yearn for the days when you were young and did not have to deal with adulthood stresses it can be extremely rewarding to pull those old yearbooks off the shelf and get lost in its pages.

Useful Information About World Facts

You should know that there are thousands of different sources of information about world facts. You should always ensure that you get the right media relevant to what you are doing. You should do some research first and understand the different sources of information before making a decision so as to get the knowledge you want to acquire.

The internet is the hub of all information and there is almost nothing you cannot get online. You should use online resources when doing your research work because it will hasten the pace of your study significantly. Using the various search engines as well as informative websites to collect all the information you need is a good way to get the information you needed. The convenience created by using the internet will make your work all the more easier.

However, do not settle for the very first source of information or website you encounter. The advantage of the internet is that you are exposed to limitless information which exposes you to different information sources. Ensure you go through as many sources as possible so as to view the wide range of ideas and expertise. This way, you fully utilize the resources around you to get all the relevant information you need.

Another useful way of getting information on world facts is by speaking to the experts in this field. Economists and historians fall within this bracket and you can make use of the telephone directory to get direct communication to them. This gives you a good opportunity to ask questions about the relevant sources of information to use. Speaking directly to the experts will significantly reduce the amount of research you will do because they will give you direction in your study.

The best way of collecting insightful information is by preparing questionnaires and conducting interviews. Having a face-to-face conversation with the professionals allows you to query about the subject as broadly as you require. This allows you to collect all the useful and relevant information you require.

You should also consult with those people close to you such as friends and family members. You will be surprised at the amount of information your friends can give you based on their knowledge and experience. Remain open minded and objective so as to get different opinions that will assist you towards your research.

When settling for a credible source of information, you must ensure it is modern, relevant and reputable. Whether it is a website, a book or a person, you must ensure that they have good reputation about the information they have so as to be sure of getting relevant facts. The better known your source of information is, the more likely you will collect reliable knowledge.

When looking to get knowledge on world facts, you must acknowledge that timely research is vital in getting what you need. Ensure that you plan and prepare to collect the information you need early enough so you will have sufficient time to go through the different sources. This will guarantee that you will get the information which you need.

Are you looking for more information on World Facts? If you are considering to find a reliable source for information on World Facts, review the information here to find out more.

Important Facts About Neon Gas

Neon was first discovered in 1898 by two British chemists Morris W. Travers and Sir William Ramsay. Neon gas is an odorless, colorless and tasteless inert gas. It belongs to the Group VIIIA elements, known as noble gases. The chemical has an atomic number of 10. It is denoted with the symbol Ne. The boiling point of the chemical is -246.08 °C and melting point is -248.59 °C.

Neon gas is the second lightest inert gas, after helium gas. The chemical is not hazardous at normal conditions. It is very stable and relatively non-reactive. It shows extremely low reaction rates. It reacts with fluorine and water. The chemical can be hazardous,*if it is allowed to reach high concentrations. At high concentrations the chemical turns into an asphyxiant. It can displace oxygen in the lungs, which can cause suffocation and eventually death.

After hydrogen, helium, oxygen and carbon, neon gas is the fifth most abundant element in the universe. The gas is very rare on Earth. A large amount of neon is produced during volcanic eruptions. Further, large quantities of neon are trapped in Earth's atmosphere and crust. The gas is extracted from the atmosphere through the process of fractional distillation. The chemical is expensive because it is relatively rare.

Neon gas produces a reddish-orange glow in a discharge tube under a low pressure on the passage of electric current. The reddish-orange glow gets converted into a bright blue color on addition of mercury in trace quantities. This property of neon is utilized in fluorescent lamps, neon glow lamps, gaseous conduction lamps, gas lasers, plasma studies, high-voltage testers, neon signs and various other lighting systems. The special type of lighting produced by neon gas is known as gas discharge lighting.

Let us now understand the working of a neon lighting system. Inert gases, such as neon, krypton or argon are kept inside a glass tube at low pressure. Metal electrodes are kept at both the ends of the glass tube. A high voltage is applied to the electrodes to ignite the neon gas. The electrons get activated on ignition. This causes the neon atoms to emit reddish-orange light.

Neon signs are widely used for advertising purposes. The market today offers neon signs in a variety of colors and styles. These advertising signs are widely used in bars, restaurants, pubs, shops and taverns. Further, neon lights have the capability of penetrating fog. These lighting systems are widely used in the regions with extremely cold climatic conditions. These lights are also used in airplanes, aircraft beacons, cars, trucks, military vehicles, amusement places, theme parks and arcades. Ne also serves as a coolant. It is used as a cryogenic refrigerant in the liquefied state.

Emma Heuton is a writer who writes on several topics. Mostly she writes on SME, Business, products and manufacturing units. To provide useful insights, she prefers to study comprehensively. You can also find information on Neon Gas in this article but if looking for more information on it, you may visit http://www.hellotrade.com.

Freudian Basics

Freud is a very interesting and influential character in the history of both psychiatry and psychology. Freud's main contribution is psychoanalysis. Most of his ideas are outdated, disproven, sexist, and overly complex, however, he was correct about some issues. Because of this, very few therapists follow strict Freudian or Neo-Freudian ideology. Freud is usually the first theorist we learn about in high school or undergraduate psychology classes because of his ideas being so fundamental (yet complex), as well as the only complete theory of personality. It is entertaining listening to undergrads breaking everyone and everything down into psychoanalytic terms, but it is good practice and provides a good starting point.

There are many ideas that Freud theorized. We have psychic determinism, psychic conflict and compromise, mental energy, and internal structure for starters. Then we have his stage theory, process thinking, the topographic model, and defense mechanisms. Some theories were created by Neo-Freudians after his death, but are still credited to Freud himself.

I will give some quick definitions to some of his theories here:

Psychic Determinism - The idea that everything that happens has a cause that can be identified.

Psychic Conflict and Compromise - The idea that the mind can conflict with itself, as well as make compromises with itself.

Mental Energy - Psychic energy (libido) required in order for the psychological apparatus of the mind to work.

Internal Structure - The mind (not the brain) has an internal structure made up of parts that can function independently (Id, Ego, Superego).

Oral Stage - Psychological theme of dependence. Predominantly Id.

Anal Stage - Development of the ego begins. Psychological theme is self control and obedience.

Urethral Stage - Transition between anal and phallic stages. Involves issues of control.

Phallic Stage - Oedipus Complex begins. Psychological theme is gender identity and sexuality. Involves development of the superego.

Latency - A psychological break to allow for learning other important tasks.

Genital Stage - Physical focus on genitals. Psychological theme is maturity.

Primary Process Thinking - The way the unconscious mind operates. No concept of the word, 'no'. No consideration of consequences.

Secondary Process Thinking - Conscious thinking. Rational, practical, and prudent thinking. Develops as the ego develops.

Topographic Model - Three levels of consciousness: Unconscious, Preconscious, and Conscious.

Defense Mechanisms:

Denial - Refusal to acknowledge or perceive a source of anxiety.

Repression - Further reaching and longer lasting than denial.

Reaction Formation - Instigates the opposite thoughts, feelings, and impulses.

Projection - Attributing to someone else a thought or impulse that is feared in ones self.

Rationalization - Concocting a seemingly rational case for why you have done something.

Intellectualization - Turn an emotional feeling into an abstract or analytical thought.

Displacement - Replace one object of emotion with another.

Sublimation - Forbidden impulses are transformed into constructive behaviors.

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The Best Institution to Pursue Your Nursing Education

Many parents want their children to pursue well paying careers. Careers that will make it easy for them to get jobs without much hassle and earn money that will cater for the needs of their families. Nursing education is one of these careers being pursued by many people today. Nursing career has become very popular in today's world. This is because in some places, there have been reports on the shortage of professionals in this field.

However, getting a good and accredited institution where to pursue this career is very important. It will ensure that you get quality education that is very relevant in the realization of your career goals. As such, you need to consider the following when choosing the institution where to pursue your career:

• You need to ensure that the institution where you enroll for the program is accredited. This is very important because for any institution to get accreditation of relevant authority, it much meet required standards. As such, it will enable you pursue your dream career and relevant competency that will see you realize your dream professional goals.

• You also need to consider practicals available in the college where you enroll for your program. Make sure that it has sufficient clinical rotation to equip you or your child with adequate training as you prepare for your examinations.

• It is also important that you consider the overall performance of the institution. Find out how the students have been performing in examinations. Also find out about the success of graduates from the institution. This is very important because you are most likely going to perform like them once you join the institution.

• Also find out about the fee for the program. Nursing education can be costly for some people. This is because some programs can take one to eight years. Some institutions have special programs to help students in paying their fees. If you have such financial challenges, make sure that you know more about fee payment from the institution before enrolling for their program.

• If you want to pursue your career online, make sure that you consider the quality of the classroom. To know more about this, you can request for a demo. This will give you some knowledge of the online learning environment before you enroll for a program. Many institutions are also offering online courses in this field. This makes it easy to get this education with ease.

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